LIST

Introduction to Lists

A list is a collection of items (data elements) stored in a specific sequence.
Lists are an ordered collection, meaning the order in which elements are added is preserved.
it can store heterogeneous data, meaning elements of different types (integer,string, etc.) can be stored in a single list.
InPython,lists are mutable, meaning their elements can be changed after creation.

List Characteristics

Ordered:The elements of a list are ordered based on the sequence in which they were inserted.
Indexed:Each element in a list has an index, starting from 0 for the first element.
Mutable:Elements ofa list can be changed or modified.
Dynamic:Lists can grow andshrink in size, allowing the addition or removal of elements.

Creating a List

Lists are created by placing elements inside square brackets [], separated by commas.
An empty list can becreated byusing empty square brackets [].

Accessing List Elements

Elements can be accessed using an index inside square brackets [].
Thefirst element of a list is accessed using index 0, and negative indexing allows access to elements from the end.

List Operations

Indexing: Accessing individual elements.
Slicing: Extracting a portion of the list.
Concatenation: Joining two or more lists to form a single list.
Repetition: Repeating the elements of a list a given number of times.
Length:Getting the number of elements in a list using the len() function.
Membership:Checking if an element exists in the list using the in keyword.

List Methods

append()	Adds an element to the end of the list.
insert()	Adds an element at a specific position.
remove()	Removes the first occurrence of an element.
pop()	Removes and returns the element at a specific index.
sort()	Sorts the elements of the list in ascending order.
reverse()	Reverses the order of elements in the list.
clear()	Removes all elements from the list

List Comprehensions

List comprehension is a concise way to create lists based on existing lists.
It allows for filtering and applying expressions to generate a new list

Nested Lists

A list can contain other lists as its elements, leading to the creation of multi dimensional lists (lists within lists).
Nested lists can be accessed using multiple indices.

Applications of Lists

Lists are used in various scenarios such as representing sequences of elements,managing collections of data, and implementing algorithms like sorting and searching.

Comparison with Other Data Structures

Unlike tuples, lists are mutable, meaning their elements can be changed after creation.
Unlike sets, lists allow duplicate elements and maintain the order of elements.
Unlike dictionaries, lists store elements in a sequential manner without key-value pairing.

BUILT-IN FUNCTIONS/METHODS

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